ABSTRACT
Introduction: Improper waste management has a negative impact on the health of medical professionals, sanitary staff, general public and the environment in general. Objective(s): To assess the Knowledge and Practice regarding COVID-19 biomedical waste management (BMWM) among healthcare workers (HCW) of government health facilities of rural Ghaziabad. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practices regarding Bio-Medical waste, in rural blocks of the district Ghaziabad at C.H.C, P.H.C and Sub-centres. Health care worker (HCW) like Doctor, Nursing Staff, Laboratory technician and Sanitary staff working in the Health care facilities were selected for the Study. A total number of 122 HCW were selected, which included 27 Doctors, 75 Nurse, 06 Lab technician and 14 sanitary staff, using Proportional allocation scheme respectively. Result(s): The Knowledge regarding Biomedical waste management of COVID-19 was 62.2% and practice was 50.8% among the HCW. Multinomial regression between socio-demographic features of HCW and their practice regarding COVID-19 Biomedical waste revealed that the practice was three times better 3.859 (1.378-10.811) in graduate and four times 4.062 (1.030-16.024) in post graduate than diploma holders. Doctors had three time better 3.595 (1.304-9.908) practice of COVID-19 biomedical waste management than nurses. Similarly, the CHC's COVID 19 biomedical waste management practices were more than four time 4.440 (1.482-13.974) better than sub centers. Conclusion(s): Level of knowledge and practice scores were unsatisfactory. Healthcare facilities should provide periodic training and adequate supplies for the waste handlers. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19 pandemic started in India on 30th January 2020. A nationwide lockdown was enforced from 24th March onwards, and most citizens were confined to their homes causing many psychosocial problems. Objective(s): To find the prevalence of depression and its associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): A community based crosssectional study, conducted among the adult population of urban Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Information was collected using a predesigned questionnaire with a sample size of 396 consenting individuals. Result(s): Of the 396 participants, 99 (25%) had depression;with mild, moderate, and severe depression found in 20.45%, 3.53% and 1% individuals, respectively. Females were affected more than males (32.1% vs 18.2%). Prevalence of depression was 50% among individuals living alone, 34.7% among unemployed people, and 30% among individuals whose income was reduced during the lockdown period. Individuals who were quarantined due to positive/suspected COVID-19 infection had a 45.5% prevalence of depression. Individuals who were divorced or separated, had an increased prevalence of depression [OR 9.2, (95% CI 1.2-73.7)]. People who practiced meditation during the lockdown period had lesser prevalence of depression [OR 2.87, (95% CI 1.1-7.7)] than those who did not. Conclusion(s): The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major psycho-social impact on people. The findings from this study can help identify vulnerable individuals and prevent and/or reduce the morbidity of depression in future, both in India and other parts of the world. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19 pandemic started in India on 30th January 2020. A nationwide lockdown was enforced from 24th March onwards, and most citizens were confined to their homes causing many psychosocial problems. Objective(s): To find the prevalence of depression and its associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): A community based cross-sectional study, conducted among the adult population of urban Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Information was collected using a predesigned questionnaire with a sample size of 396 consenting individuals. Result(s): Of the 396 participants, 99 (25%) had depression;with mild, moderate, and severe depression found in 20.45%, 3.53% and 1% individuals, respectively. Females were affected more than males (32.1% vs 18.2%). Prevalence of depression was 50% among individuals living alone, 34.7% among unemployed people, and 30% among individuals whose income was reduced during the lockdown period. Individuals who were quarantined due to positive/suspected COVID-19 infection had a 45.5% prevalence of depression. Individuals who were divorced or separated, had an increased prevalence of depression [OR 9.2, (95% CI 1.2-73.7)]. People who practiced meditation during the lockdown period had lesser prevalence of depression [OR 2.87, (95% CI 1.1-7.7)] than those who did not. Conclusion(s): The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major psycho-social impact on people. The findings from this study can help identify vulnerable individuals and prevent and/or reduce the morbidity of depression in future, both in India and other parts of the world. Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection with associated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused modified and compromised immune system that gave rise to various immune mediated disease. Various studies on both central and peripheral nervous system involvement has been reported. The common syndromes reported are meningoencephalitis, myelitis and Guillain- Barre syndrome ( GBS) etc. This case series reports four cases (45 years old male, 35 years old female, 50 years old male and 65 years old male patients) presenting with the duration from onset of viral illness to neurologic manifestations ranging from 4 days to 60 days. One patient had a typical course of viral symptoms preceding GBS findings and two patient presented with GBS later. A patient was found to be IgG seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 and presented 2 months later of recovery from infection while one case had onset of weakness while having respiratory symptoms. These cases had Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) who presented with acute flaccid paralysis two to three weeks following COVID-19 infection. All the patients received Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) as treatment and showed significant improvement. It can be concluded that COVID-19 viral infection is probably related as a causal factor for immune mediated illness like GBS and early identification and treatment has good recovery.